02-DOKTORA TEZLERİ

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Browsing 02-DOKTORA TEZLERİ by Author "Abak, Kazım"

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    Anter kültürü ile elde edilen bazı biber hatlarında kök boğazı yanıklığına (Phytophthora capsici Leon.) dayanıklılık ve diallel melezleme üzerinde araştırmalar
    (Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 1992) İşbeceren, Ahmet; Abak, Kazım; Ziraat Mühendisliği
    The aim of this study was to determine the degree of resistance of eight dihaploid pepper lines obtained throught anther culture against Phytophthora root rot and mechanisma of resistance, to find out the whether there is any heterosis. For this, diallel crossing were made among eight dihaploid lines, two resistance lines (PM217 and PM702) and susceptable Kandil variety of pepper. Through these crossing 110 Fi and 11 parents were compa red after infection with Tokat solated through cuttud stemiv top method. According to the results, PM702 lines was found to be highly resistance among the test parents. This line was followed by 49 and PM217 lines. The parents followed after these lines were placed in two groups from resistance print of view. Generally the dihaploids coded as 55, 35 and 46 have similar degree of resistance whereas dihap loids coded as 65, 34, 47, 56 and Kandil variety were most susceptable genotypes under this research work. From three parameter (begin necros rate, minimum growth rate, and final necros length) point of view, lines like PM702, 49 and PM217 gave the best general combination ability value. No positive heterosis was found against P. capsici from resistance point of view. However negative heterosis was observed in 14 Fi for begin necros rate, 34 Fi for minimum growth rate and 30 Fi for final necros length. According to the calculated general and specifik combination ability, character of resistance against P. capsici was dependent on additive effectiveness of genes. However this effect was more important than epis- tatic and dominant effects. Resistance to P. capsici was poligenic in character under this study. Key Words: Pepper,, Capsicum annuum, Phytophthora capsici, Phytophthora root rot, diallel crossing, general combination ability, specific combinationability, heterosis, genes effectives.
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    Değişik patlıcan genotiplerinde in vitro androgenesis ve haploid bitki oluşumunu uyarıcı bazı etmenler üzerinde araştırmalar
    (Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 1991) Karakullukçu, Şebnem; Abak, Kazım; Ziraat Mühendisliği
    On the obtention of haploid plants by anther culture in eggplant was studied. Effects of sugar, active charcoal and plant growth regulators as well as cold shock traitments before culture and high temperature shock treatments after culture and the effects of growing conditions of donor plants were investigated. In cytological investigation, the most availableIV development period for anther culture was found as the just previous period of 1st polen mitosis. The petal levels of the buds in this period was found as the level of sepals and the color of anther was observed as greenish yellow. A relationship between androgenesis and genotype in eggplants haploid plants could be obtained from Halep Karası and Baluroi Fi experimental cultivars only embrioids occured in Prelane Fi and Kemer cultivars, but not plants. No haploid embryos or plants could be obtained from the other cultivars (Dourga, Pala, Adana Topağı, Şeytan, Black Beauty, Marfa Fi, Fabina Fi, Galine Fi). The establishment medium prepared as 12 % saccarose, 5 mg/1 Kinetin and 5 mg/1 2,4-D according,to Chambonnet (1985) gave the best results. There wasn't a positive effect of active charcoal and cold applications to the buds before the cultivation, the best result was obtained from 8 days darkness after the plantation and +35°C temperature applied anthefrs. The propogation of the donor plants under short day and low temperature conditions didn't have a stimulative effect on androgenesis.The haploid plants were obtained from anthers of the young plants which were grown in spring or summer time. In different stages of the research 22 embryos and 13 haploid plants are obtained. Key Words: Eggplant, Solanum melongena L., anther culture, androgenesis, hormons, sugar, active charcoal, genotype, termique shocks, donor plant.